Technical Yearbook 2024

TABLE 1: Rootstocks sorted in descending order in terms of their tolerance to soil properties, pests and diseases.

Drought (dryland) 140 RUGERRI 1103 PAULSEN 110 RICHTER 99 RICHTER

Phytophthora cinnamomi Crown gall Phylloxera Root-knot nematode

Vigour: Grafted

Lime

Wetness

Salinity

Legend

140 RUGERRI 1103 PAULSEN 110 RICHTER 99 RICHTER

143-B MGT RAMSEY

USVIT 8-7 143-B MGT

101-14 MGT

99 RICHTER RAMSEY 1103 PAULSEN SO4

RAMSEY

Exceptional Exceptional – very good Very good Good – very good Moderate – good Moderate Moderate – sensitive Sensitive Poor Very poor Good

USVIT 8-7 143-B MGT

1103 PAULSEN

143-B MGT 101-14 MGT

SO4

101-14 MGT USVIT 8-7

1103 PAULSEN

110 RICH TER

99 RICHTER 110 RICHTER 1103 PAULSEN

RAMSEY 140 RUGERRI

99 RICHTER 1103 PAULSEN 140 RUGERRI

140 RUGERRI

110 RICHTER RAMSEY RAMSEY 140 RU- GERRI 140 RUGERRI 101-14 MGT

143-B MGT USVIT 8-7

USVIT 8-7

101-14 MGT

SO4

SO4

USVIT 8-7 143-B MGT

110 RICHTER 99 RICHTER

110 RICHTER

101-14 MGT

RAMSEY 110 RICHTER

USVIT 8-7

140 RUGERRI

SO4

SO4

SO4

SO4

110 RICHTER

101-14 MGT RAMSEY

99 RICHTER SO4

1103 PAULSEN 99 RICHTER

99 RICHTER USVIT 8-7 USVIT 8-7

101-14 MGT RAMSEY

101-14 MGT

140 RUGERRI

1103 PAULSEN

143-B MGT

143-B MGT

143-B MGT

Here are a few examples where soil and wine goal should be considered in the choice of rootstock:

High yields on deep sandy, rocky alluvial or saline soils under irrigation Ramsey is the preferred rootstock for these soils due to its exceptionally strong vigour and salinity tolerance. The vigorously growing, dense root system of Ramsey utilises the largest volume of soil possible for water and nutrient uptake. The large root system results in strong canopy growth and higher yields. Ramsey offers good resistance against root pests and diseases like Phytophthora, phylloxera and root-knot nematode, but weak resistance against crown gall. The strong induced canopy growth (which consumes a lot of water) and the fact that Ramsey is mostly planted on sandy soils (with low water-retention ability), mean that irrigation and drainage (if necessary, especially with salinity) are essential for most vineyards on Ramsey. According to Archer, Ramsey is good to poor on lime soils.

Low yields on shallow, wet and saline duplex soils under irrigation 101-14 Mgt is well-adapted to shallow duplex soils due to its naturally shallow root system. This moderately vigorous rootstock (which is very popular for top-quality wine production) handles periods of low water tables very well and also offers good resistance against salinity. If higher yields are desired on these types of soils, a strong growing rootstock like 8-7 USVIT will be a better choice. The last-mentioned rootstock is also more resistant against Phytophthora cinnamomi than 101-14 Mgt.

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TECHNICAL YEARBOOK 2024