FERTILISATION GUIDELINES FOR THE TABLE GRAPE INDUSTRY

CONTENTS

– Fertilisation according to production _ ________________________________________ 44 – Fertilisation according to soil analyses ________________________________________ 46 – Fertilisation according to vigour ____________________________________________ 47 – Fertilisation according to leaf analyses _ ______________________________________ 49 – Phosphorus (P) __________________________________________________________ 49 – Potassium (K) ___________________________________________________________ 52 – Calcium (Ca) _ __________________________________________________________ 58 – Magnesium (Mg) _ ________________________________________________________ 60 – Sulphur (S) _ ___________________________________________________________ 63 • MICRO- OR TRACE-ELEMENTS _ _____________________________________________ 65 – Iron (Fe) _ _____________________________________________________________ 65 – Manganese (Mn) _ ________________________________________________________ 67 – Zinc (Zn) ______________________________________________________________ 70 – Copper (Cu) ____________________________________________________________ 72 – Boron (B) ______________________________________________________________ 74 – Molybdenum (Mo) _ _______________________________________________________ 77 – Chlorine (Cl) _ __________________________________________________________ 77 • SUMMARY _ _____________________________________________________________ 79 6 PRACTICAL GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF A FERTILISATION PROGRAMME ( Bennie Diedericks) ___________________________________________________________ 81 • INTRODUCTION _ _________________________________________________________ 81 • IMPLEMENTATION OF FERTILISATION PROGRAMME _ ____________________________ 82 • FERTILISATION PRODUCTS _ ________________________________________________ 85 • IMPACT OF FERTILISERS ON SOIL _ __________________________________________ 87 – Soil acidification _ _______________________________________________________ 87 – Increase in salt load ______________________________________________________ 88 – Soil biology ____________________________________________________________ 88 • ORGANIC FERTILISERS _ ___________________________________________________ 89 • MICRO-FINE LIME AND GYPSUM _ ___________________________________________ 90 • ROCK PHOSPHATE _ _______________________________________________________ 91 • MULCHES AND COVER CROPS _______________________________________________ 91 • FOLIAR NUTRITION _ ______________________________________________________ 92 • SUMMARY _ _____________________________________________________________ 93 7 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FERTILISATION, THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF A VINEYARD AND GRAPE QUALITY ( Pieter Raath & Kobus Conradie) _ ____________ 95 • NITROGEN _ _____________________________________________________________ 96 • PHOSPHOROUS _ _________________________________________________________ 98 • POTASSIUM _ ____________________________________________________________ 98 • CALCIUM _ ______________________________________________________________ 99 • MAGNESIUM ___________________________________________________________ 101 • SUMMARY _ ____________________________________________________________ 103 8 FERTILISATION OF ROOTSTOCK MOTHER BLOCKS AND NURSERIES ( Dawid Saayman) ____________________________________________________________ 105 • ROOTSTOCK MOTHER BLOCKS ______________________________________________ 105 • NURSERIES _ ___________________________________________________________ 106 9 REFERENCES ___________________________________________________________ 109

FERTILISATION GUIDELINES FOR THE TABLE GRAPE INDUSTRY | 9