COVER CROPS in South African Vineyards

COVER CROPS IN SOUTH AFRICAN VINEYARDS

Vegetative growth and grape yield ...................................................................152 Grape and wine quality ......................................................................................155 Reference list .......................................................................................................156 Lower Orange River region ...................................................................................156 Nitrogen status of vines . ....................................................................................156 Bunch damage ....................................................................................................158 Grape yield and quality ......................................................................................158 Reference list .......................................................................................................158 Olifants River valley ................................................................................................159 Nitrogen status of vines and grape juice .........................................................160 Vegetative growth and grape yield ...................................................................163 Grape and wine quality ......................................................................................165 Reference list .......................................................................................................165 CHAPTER 9 PESTS ......................................................................................166 Snails ..........................................................................................................................167 Reference list .......................................................................................................169 Ants and mealy bugs ..............................................................................................169 Reference list .......................................................................................................170 Nematodes . ...............................................................................................................170 Coastal region . ....................................................................................................170 Lower Orange River region ...............................................................................173 Reference list .......................................................................................................175 CHAPTER 10 PRACTICAL GUIDELINES .......................................176 Order seed .................................................................................................................176 Cover-crop management before grapevines are planted .............................178 Cover-crop management in established vineyards .......................................179 Sowing dates and irrigation . ................................................................................180 Breede River valley . ...........................................................................................180 Coastal region . ....................................................................................................181 Lower Orange River region ...............................................................................181 Olifants River valley ............................................................................................182 Fertilisation ...............................................................................................................182 Control of cover crops ...........................................................................................182

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