A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa - P.G. GOUSSARD

Black foot (137); dead-arm (138).

PHOTO 137. The extent of black foot vascular tissue rotting/discolouration can be wide-ranging.

PHOTO 138. Phomopsis infection, causing dieback of buds and shoots, gradually accumulated and caused this bearer to die back. Note that there are several pruning wounds as well as recognisable signs of dead-arm disease at the top end of the bearer.

92 • A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa