A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa - P.G. GOUSSARD

Esca-associated soft wood rotting.

PHOTO 127. Characteristic soft wood rotting associated with the esca complex often occurs near the soil surface.

PHOTO 128. Esca-associated soft wood rotting on trunks near the soil surface. Not to be confused with crown gall.

A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa • 87