A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa - P.G. GOUSSARD

Topping machine damage.

PHOTO 515. Severe leaf and shoot damage caused by the injudicious use of topping machines.

PHOTO 516. A typical example of a topping machine ‘ribsteker’, where the shoot was cut off too close above the bunch, the result being that too few effective leaves are retained to achieve normal ripening.

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