A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa - P.G. GOUSSARD

Pre- and post-emergence herbicides in mixtures (phytotoxicities).

PHOTO 482. In cases of direct application to emanating buds, severe leaf burn may ensue – especially when post-emergence contact herbicides are incorporated into mixtures.

PHOTO 483. Divergent/confusing abnormality phenomena may be associated with direct contact during bud swell, with specific reference to situations where penetrants are added to pre- and post- emergence herbicides in mixture format to encourage penetration in the latter instance.

A Guide to Grapevine Abnormalities in South Africa • 311